Algorithm: A finite list of well-defined terms for
accomplishing some task that, given an initial state, will proceed through a
well-defined series of successive states possibly culminating in an end state.
Application Programming Interface (‘API’): A source code interface that a
computer application, operating system or 'library' (in computer science, a
collection of sub-programs used to develop software) provides to support
requests for services to be made of it by a computer program.
One function of such high-level interfaces is to interact with a database that renders HTML (see separate entry) code. Such interfaces enable other computer applications to interact with survey software (or other kinds of software).
One function of such high-level interfaces is to interact with a database that renders HTML (see separate entry) code. Such interfaces enable other computer applications to interact with survey software (or other kinds of software).
Arc: A directed relationship between nodes in a
network.
Artificial Intelligence (‘AI’): the scientific understanding of
the mechanisms underlying thought and intelligent behaviour, and their
embodiment in machines.
Authentication: Generic term for a set of procedures for
determining that a user has rights to receive a given online service, such as
access to an archived database.
Avatar : A representation of a human,
animal or other animate object enabling the representation's participation in
some form of online interaction.
Beeper studies: Experiential time sampling research whereby
participants report by various means their activities in progress at the time a
signal is activated by a device carried on or about the person. Responses were
originally entered on a paper instrument but more recently include online
response modes.
Beyond 20/20: A software application enabling exploration
of online datasets, supporting display, subsetting, visualisation, charting and
downloading.
Blog: A diary-like genre in which the 'blogger'
records and/or comments on their own activity/beliefs and/or that of others,
often including perspectives on current events, posting the 'blog' on the Web.
May include audio and visual information as well as text, and the opportunity
to comment on what is posted.
Computer Assisted Qualitative Data AnalysiS
(‘CAQDAS’):
Software for the analysis of qualitative data, chiefly text, but also audio,
video and still images.
Cave: An immersive virtual environment in which
interaction initiated by users occurs between figurative representations of
interactants projected on walls of a room and gives the illusion of 3D.
Chatroom: An online communications environment facilitating
discussion between subscribed members.
Clickstream analysis: Analysis of how users negotiate a
path around a website.
Client side: Computer resources such as programs or info rmation that are held on the user’s computer
rather than on or from the server to which the computer is linked. See also
‘server side’.
Collaboratory, collaboratories: Distributed research groups that
work together via online technologies enabling data exchange, communication and
real time collaboration over data transmitted across networks.
Common Gateway Interface (‘CGI’): A scripting language that allows
various commands to be executed by the researcher’s Web server based on the
actions of the respondent.
Common Logfile Format (‘CLF’): Hits defined as Web elements transferred
from a server to the user’s browser. Common ‘log fields’ include the user’s IP
address, timestamp from the server, request for the element or web page, the
status of the request, and the number of bytes transferred.
Computational grid:
Computer Supported Cooperative Work: A field of social and behavioural
science concerned with the ways that people apply and relate to info rmation technologies when they are mutually
engaged in tasks using those technologies.
Cookie: An automated code enabling the unique
identification of browsers and users' hypertext pathways.
Co-presence: Interaction between social actors that takes
place in the same physical space rather than being computer-mediated.
Coverage error: When some part of a relevant population
cannot be included in a survey sample.
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